Collagen in pills: does it help the skin?

However, according to Farah Mustafa, a dermatologist and professor at Tufts University School of Medicine (USA), the scientific evidence on the benefits of such supplements remains conflicting and is often questionable, Medicalxpress reports.

"Oral collagen supplements are not yet recommended as a treatment for age-related skin changes. They can only be considered as an adjunct to other, more studied and effective methods," notes Dr Mustafa.

Collagen and skin: what's the point?

Collagen is a protein found in all tissues of the body: skin, muscles, bones and ligaments. As we age, its production slows down, leading to wrinkles, loss of skin elasticity and joint pain. In this regard, the market has been flooded with supplements promising to make up for collagen deficiency.

However, as the expert emphasises, the absorption of this protein does not occur directly. Collagen in the body is first broken down into amino acids, and it is not at all certain that it will get exactly where it is lacking - in the skin or joints.

What does the research say?

According to Mustafa, there are studies that show the positive effects of hydrolysed collagen on skin hydration and elasticity. But the results are far from unequivocal. A recent meta-analysis covering 23 randomised controlled trials found: positive effects were more often recorded in low-quality, pharma-funded studies. While higher-quality and independent studies found no significant benefit from collagen supplementation.

Potential risks and limitations

In addition to questionable efficacy, oral collagen supplements may carry potential risks. For example, products of marine origin may contain methylmercury, a toxic compound that accumulates in the body.

In addition, supplements are not subject to mandatory safety and efficacy testing prior to market release. As noted by the American Academy of Dermatology, most collagen supplements lack third-party certification and do not provide accurate information about composition.

What really works to preserve skin?

Dr Mustafa emphasises that our body is capable of producing its own collagen - provided we have a balanced diet. For this purpose, we need to consume enough protein and foods rich in vitamin C: strawberries, kiwi, bell peppers and citrus fruits.

Habits that prevent collagen breakdown are also important:

• daily use of sunscreen;

• use of products with retinol or retinoids;

• complete cessation of smoking.